ISayensi eLubhacweni podcast: UAlfred Babo wabelana ngebali lakhe lokuba sengozini kunye nenzululwazi yentlalontle eyimbacu.

I-ISC Presents: ISayensi eLubhacweni luluhlu lweepodcasts ezibonisa udliwano-ndlebe kunye neembacu kunye nososayensi abafudukayo ababelana ngesayensi yabo, amabali abo okufuduka kunye nethemba labo ngekamva.

Kwisiqendu samva nje seSayensi eLubhacweni siva ngo-Alfred Babo, isazi ngezentlalo ophando lwakhe lujolise kutshintsho lwentlalo, ukuqeshwa kwabantwana kunye nophuhliso, ukufudukela kwelinye ilizwe kunye nongquzulwano lwentlalo, kunye nemibutho yasemva kongquzulwano. UAlfred wabelana ngamava akhe okusebenza njengomhlohli weyunivesithi eCôte d'Ivoire xa ilizwe lawela kwimfazwe yamakhaya, kwaye kamva wafuna indawo yokusabela eGhana, eTogo kwaye ekugqibeleni eUnited States, apho ngoku azinze kwaye esebenza kwiSociology kunye neAnthropology. isebe leYunivesithi yaseFairfield. 

Uluhlu luphuhlisiwe njengegalelo kwi 'Inzululwazi eLubhacweni' inyathelo, eliqhutywa njengentsebenziswano phakathi kweBhunga lezeNzululwazi laMazwe ngaMazwe (ISC), IZiko lezeNzululwazi leHlabathi (I-UNESCO-TWAS) kunye ne-InterAcademy Partnership (I-DPI).

Mamela ngoku

yombhalo

UAlfred: Zonke iiyunivesithi zikarhulumente kwilizwe, kwilizwe elisaphuhlayo, zavalwa. Andazi ukuba sizakuyihlawula ixesha elingakanani loo nto, kodwa unokucinga ngesizukulwana sabafundi abasemva kakhulu kuba abakwazanga ukugqiba izidanga, abakwazanga ukuya esikolweni, kwaye uninzi lwabo alukwazanga. ungenzi nto. Kwaye, ewe, kwifaculty yayiyintlekele kuba oko kuthetha ukuba akusekho phando, akukho nkqubo zophando, akukho msebenzi waselabhoratri, akukho nto. 

Husam: Ndingumamkeli wakho u-Husam Ibrahim kwaye le yiNzululwazi kwi-podcast ye-Exile. Kolu ngcelele, sifumana ingqiqo kubomi benzululwazi abaselubhacweni, kwaye sixoxa ngendlela elidlulileyo, langoku kunye nekamva lenzululwazi linokugcinwa kwimida. Le podcast iyinxalenye yenyathelo leembacu eliqhubekayo kunye nenzululwazi egxothiweyo eqhutywa yiSayensi yaMazwe ngaMazwe, iprojekthi edityanelweyo yi-World Academy of Sciences, i-InterAcademy Partnership kunye ne-International Science Council. 

Kwisiqendu sanamhlanje sinoNjingalwazi Alfred Babo, isazi ngentlalontle yaseCôte d'Ivoire, okanye eyaziwa ngokuba yi-Ivory Coast, ethethelela kwaye esebenzela uphuhliso oluzinzileyo lwezentlalo noqoqosho kunye nezopolitiko. UAlfred ulilungu leBhodi yeScholars at Risk Network and Co-founder of 'Share the Platform' - inyathelo elisebenza neembacu kuyilo lwenkqubo, ukwenziwa komgaqo-nkqubo, kunye nokwenza.  

Emva konyulo lwaseCôte d'Ivoire olwaluphikisana ngo-2010, ilizwe lase-Alfred lawela kwimfazwe yamakhaya. Ngo-2011, emva kokuba ejamelene nezisongelo zokubulawa, kwanyanzeleka ukuba alishiye ilizwe nosapho lwakhe. Ngoku uAlfred uhlala eUnited States esebenza njengonjingalwazi kwiYunivesithi yaseMassachusetts.  

Ngoku, uAlfred usixelela ngeengxwabangxwaba awayejamelene nazo eCôte d’Ivoire. 

UAlfred: Ke, ndicinga ukuba sinezigaba ezibini ezibalulekileyo okanye amanyathelo. Eyokuqala yayingowama-2002, xa kwaqhambuka imvukelo, yaye ngelo xesha, yayiziiyunivesithi nonjingalwazi kuphela ababekummandla owawulawulwa ngabavukeli. 

Njengoko usenokuba uyazi, iingxabano ezininzi zisekelwe kubuhlanga, kwaye abo babengekho kwisizwe seenkokeli zabavukeli babejoliswe kuzo kwaye ngokuqinisekileyo, nangona bebengajoliswanga, uninzi lwabo loyika ubomi babo kwaye babaleka kuloo ndawo. Iyunivesithi kunye nekhampasi zathinjwa ngabavukeli, ngoko yaba yinkampu yomkhosi yabavukeli. 

Umongameli ngelo xesha wenza konke okusemandleni akhe ukuzama ukuphinda aqalise, ukugcina eli ziko liphila. Kwikomkhulu saqalisa ukuba neeklasi kuyo nayiphi na iholo esinokuyifumana. Ngokomzekelo, iicinema, iithiyetha, apho sinokuba nezihlalo ezingama-500, izihlalo ezingama-300, yonke indawo yokufundisa. Oku kwakunzima ngokwenene kodwa sakwazi ukuyigcina loo nto phantse iminyaka esibhozo, ukusuka ku-2002 ukuya ku-2010. Kodwa xa imfazwe yaphinda yaqhambuka ngo-2010 – 2011, ngokuqinisekileyo yaba mbi kakhulu kwifakhalthi kunye neeyunivesithi zase-Abidjan kuba imfazwe yenzeka ngokwenene. ixesha kwikomkhulu, eAbidjan. Ngeli xesha, iiyunivesithi zatshatyalaliswa ngokwenene. Ezinye zezindlu zokulala zazisetyenziselwa, kwakhona, imisebenzi yasemkhosini. Ngokwenene yayikuwohloka kweziko lemfundo ephakamileyo eCôte d'Ivoire. 

Umongameli wagqiba kwelokuba avale iiyunivesithi unyaka omnye wokufunda. Ndicinga ukuba kwakungaphezulu konyaka omnye, mhlawumbi yayingunyaka onesiqingatha. Ke, le yayiyintlekele yophando, yokufundisa, yabafundi, yabafundi. Zonke iiyunivesithi zikarhulumente kwilizwe, kwilizwe elisaphuhlayo, zavalwa. Andazi ukuba sizakuyihlawula ixesha elingakanani loo nto, kodwa unokucinga ngesizukulwana sabafundi abasemva kakhulu kuba abakwazanga ukugqiba izidanga, abakwazanga ukuya esikolweni, kwaye uninzi lwabo alukwazanga. ungenzi nto. Kwaye, ewe, kwifaculty yayiyintlekele kuba oko kuthetha ukuba akusekho phando, akukho nkqubo zophando, akukho msebenzi waselabhoratri, akukho nto. 

Husam: Ngaba kukho isizathu esicacileyo sokuba oonjingalwazi abafana nawe bajongwe ngexesha lemfazwe yamakhaya? 

UAlfred: Lunxibelelwano phakathi kweeyunivesithi kunye neqonga lezopolitiko. Abo bakhokelayo, imibutho ekhanyisayo, baphuma kwiidyunivesithi, uninzi lwabo ngoonjingalwazi kwiidyunivesithi, ngakumbi emva kwenkululeko. Aba ngoompondozihlanjiwe, aba ngabaphengululi abakhokela imibutho emininzi yoluntu, njengemibutho yabasebenzi, naluphi na uhlobo lwentshukumo yengqondo yokutyhala inkululeko, ukutyhala idemokhrasi. Lo owayengumongameli, uMongameli uLaurent Gbagbo, naye wayenguprofesa wembali kwiYunivesithi yaseCocody.  

Husam: Ngoko, ngaba kukho nasiphi na isiganeko esithile esenzekayo, esakwenza waqonda ukuba kufuneka ulishiye ilizwe? 

UAlfred: Nangona ndandingenanto yakwenza nolawulo lwalo mongameli, kodwa kuba ndinguNjingalwazi eDyunivesithi, ndandiyinxalenye yabo babejongwe.  

Bendikwalilungu lohlanga lwalo Mongameli. Kwakhona, ndaqhuba iinkomfa zamazwe ngamazwe, ndandineendawo ezithile apho ndandigxeka ugonyamelo lwezobupolitika okanye imeko yezobupolitika kwilizwe lam. Ngoko, ngenxa yoku safumana izisongelo, ngoko ke ndandifuna ukugcina usapho lwam lukhuselekile, yaye yayingendim ndedwa, uninzi lwethu lwalusongelwa. Ke, awuyi kuhlala de isoyikiso sifike kuwe. Kwaye ndibeka usapho lwam kuqala ukuba bahambe. Abantwana bam bebelila, belila. Intombi yam yayilila. Wayengafuni ukuhamba ngaphandle kukatata wakhe, kodwa kwakufuneka ndiqinisekise ukuba bafike bekhuselekile.  

Kwakufuneka bazichaze, kungekhona ngegama lam, kodwa umfazi wam wayeya kubonisa igama lakhe lokuzalwa kwaye achaze nje ukuba ulahlekelwe isazisi sakhe. Kwaye ngenxa yokuba engumfazi kwaye wayenabantwana, ndicinga ukuba wayekwazi ukudlala eli khadi kunye nokuwela endaweni yokuba abe nam. Oko bekuya kubabeka engozini ngakumbi.  

Kwaye ke umhlobo wethu ovela eGeneva wayeluncedo ngenene, emhle ngenene, efowunela abantu ukuba basincede. Kwakusekupheleni kukaMatshi, yaye imeko yayisiya isiba mbi eAbidjan. Kukwangelo xesha linye xa sisiva ngemibutho yamazwe ngamazwe elwela amalungelo oluntu, ukuba abavukeli babulala abantu abangama-800 ngosuku olunye kule dolophu yaseDuekoue. Ngoko, emva kokuba ndithumele intsapho yam, ekugqibeleni ndagqiba kwelokuba ndingasali ndize ndibaleke ndiye kuthelela intsapho yakowethu. 

Kakade ke, kwakunzima ukuhamba, ukunqumla wonke lo mmandla usuka eAbidjan usiya eAccra, kodwa ndaphumelela. Kwaye ukusuka e-Accra ndiqhubela phambili ukuya eTogo, kwaye kulapho salungisa khona kwaye saqhagamshelana neeScholars at Risk. Kwaye yindlela abaphengululi abasemngciphekweni abandinceda ngayo mna nosapho lwam ukuba sifuduselwe eUnited States. 

Husam: Ke, Alfred, njengoko sithetha, njengoko usazi, sibona iziganeko zisenzeka e-Afghanistan ezibangela ukuba abantu, kubandakanya izifundiswa kunye nezazinzulu, basabe. Yintoni ongathanda ukuyixelela ogxa bakho e-Afghanistan ngoku?   

Ewe, ngale meko yangoku ndixhalabile ngokwenene malunga nento eyenzekayo e-Afghanistan, kodwa kungekhona nje ukuba nexhala, kodwa ukucinga malunga nokuba yintoni into yokuqala esifanele siyenze. Ndicinga ukuba kukubonisa olu manyano lwenzululwazi. Ndiyazi ukuba kunzima ngokwenene ukuhamba, ngakumbi ukuba wenza uphando kwindawo yakho. Kodwa ngoku ndililungu lebhodi yeScholars at Risk. Bendisoloko ndiyibona into ebesiyenza kwezi veki zimbalwa zidlulileyo ukuba sicinge kwaye sizimisele. Siphehlelele imibuzo emininzi yokucela kwiidyunivesithi ukuba zibambe ezinye zezazinzulu zababaleki abavela e-Afghanistan. Ke, abaphengululi abasemngciphekweni, kunye neminye imibutho emininzi ebandakanyekayo kolu hlobo lwemisebenzi, benza konke okusemandleni abo ukubanika ithuba lokukhuseleka kuqala kwaye baqale eminye yemisebenzi yabo kwaye bamkele oontanga bam abavela eAfghanistan, ndibanike - njengoko bendinethuba - ezinye izikhundla zexeshana kwiiDyunivesithi, kumaziko athile, amaziko ophando, amaziko ophando, apho banokuphumla, baphefumle kancinci kwaye ukuba banalo ithuba, baqale ngaphezulu kophando lwabo lwezemfundo, umsebenzi wabo wezemfundo.  

Kubo bonke abo bantu baphuma eAfghanistan, ngaxa lithile kufuneka sijonge ukuba loluphi ulwazi abaluzisayo, uyazi, kunye nabo, yeyiphi inkcubeko abaza nayo, yeyiphi italente abanayo, banokuzenzela ntoni. , kunye nelizwe elibamba umkhosi, uluntu olubamba umkhosi, uluntu olubambayo. Kwaye kulapho kufuneka ukuba sibeke ingqalelo ngakumbi, imali eninzi, ukwakha amandla. 

Ke, ndingathanda ukusebenzisa eli thuba ukubathumelela umanyano lwam.  

Husam: Isazinzulu sembacu, isazinzulu esigxothiweyo okanye isazinzulu elubhacweni, sesiphi isimo ozichonge ngaso, ukuba sikhona, kwaye uziva uqhagamshelwe kangakanani kwesi simo, Alfred?  

Ewe, ndandisisifundiswa esisemngciphekweni, akunjalo, kuqala. Isifundiswa esisemngciphekweni kuba ndandikule ndawo yemfazwe endandiza kubulawa kuyo, ndandiza kubulawa. Esi simo sahamba saza satshintsha ngexesha lam lokusabela eGhana kuqala emva koko eTogo. Kwaye ndaba yimbacu eTogo. Kwaye ndandingenakutsho ukuba ndiyinzululwazi elubhacweni eTogo umzekelo, kuba ndahlala eTogo iinyanga ezisi-8 kodwa andizange ndikwazi ukubuyela ekufundiseni, okanye ukwenza uphando. Ndandingenzi nto imini yonke.  

Ke, le meko, ngeli xesha, ndinokuthi ngelo xesha ndandiyimbacu nje. Ibingaqhagamshelwanga kumsebenzi wam. Kwaye ndazama emva kweenyanga ezine, ndazama ukuya ndedwa kwiYunivesithi yaseLome eTogo, kwaye ndandicenga abanye abantu endisebenza nabo kwisebe le-sociology ukuba bathi ndiziva ngathi ndiyafa kuba akukho nto yokwenza. Ngaba kunokwenzeka ukuba ndize ndize ndenze intetho, uyazi, simahla? Andikuceli ukuba undibhatale, akukho nto, kodwa ndifuna ukuqalisa ukuphila kwakhona ngomsebenzi wam, ubuncinane phambi kwabafundi, ukuba neengxoxo nabafundi, ukuba neengxoxo kunye nabanye oogxa bam iya kuba yinto eya kundinceda ngokwenene. . 

Kwaye xa ndeza eUnited States ngokusebenzisa abaphengululi abaseMngciphekweni, ngoko ndaqhutyelwa kwiyunivesithi enye. Ke, ndicinga ukuba ngelo xesha ndandiyimbacu yenzululwazi ngenene kwaye ngoku ndinokuthi mhlawumbi ndiphuma kolu phawu. 

Husam: Ke, oko ufudukele e-US, umsebenzi wakho kunye nophando lwakho lutshintshe okanye lwavela njani? Yaye ngawaphi amanye amathuba awayevumela olo tshintsho lwenzeke?  

UAlfred: Kunene. Njengososayensi, nokuba ndingusosayensi, njengoko ndingumbaleki kwaye ndinikwe indawo yokukhosela, umzekelo, andivumelekanga ukuba ndibuyele kwilizwe lam, akunjalo? Ngoko ke, uphanda njani? Ngesiqhelo xa sisenza uphando lwethu kumazwe ethu, izihloko zethu zophando, iisayithi zophando, nokuba uziinzululwazi zentlalo okanye hayi, luhlobo olubekwe kwezi ndawo zelizwe lakho. 

Kum, uninzi lweendawo zam zophando zaziseCôte d'Ivoire. Ndandisenza uphando ngomhlaba nangogonyamelo lwezobupolitika kulutsha lwaseCôte d’Ivoire. Kuya kuba yinto efanayo nakwabalingane bam base-Afghanistan abaza kuhamba.  

Ke, xa uzifumana useLondon okanye eParis okanye e-US, umbuzo ngulo, uqhubeka njani nolu hlobo lophando? Uhlala njani usebenza ngolu hlobo lwesihloko, akunjalo?  

Kuya kufuneka wakhe into esiyibiza ngokuba luhlobo lwendawo engwevu yesazisi esitsha ngokwemigaqo yophando. Ke, kuya kufuneka ufumane amalungiselelo obukrelekrele onokuthi uqhubeke usebenza kuwo, kum, kwiziko laseMelika. Ngelo xesha, ukugcina uphando lwam ngenethiwekhi ethile eCôte d'Ivoire, apho ndingacela abanye oogxa bam okanye abafundi abaphumeleleyo ukuba baqokelele ulwazi kum, baqokelele idatha kum.  

Kwaye kunjalo, unayo indawo yophando yahluke ngokupheleleyo. Unezibonelelo ezininzi ongenakukwazi ukufikelela kuzo xa ukwilizwe lakho. Ke, apha ndinokufikelela kumathala eencwadi, unokufikelela kwiincwadi, unenkxaso-mali yokuzimasa iinkomfa, unenkxaso-mali yokubonisa uphando lwakho, unenkxaso-mali yokuhamba, uyazi, kwenye indawo ukwenza uphando lwakho kwaye kunjalo, uphuhlise. uthungelwano.  

Husam: Ke, Alfred, ungomnye wabaseki benyathelo 'Yabelana ngeQonga' - Ngaba ungasixelela kancinci ngale nkqubo?  

Yabelana ngePlatform linyathelo eligxininisa ngokwenene ukuba kufuneka sibeke iinzame zethu kwizakhono kunye nobuchule beembacu. Nokuba bangamagcisa, bangoonondaba, bazizifundiswa okanye bangabantu nje abaqhelekileyo, baneziphiwo ekufuneka sizigxininise.  

Zonke ezo arhente zenza umsebenzi omkhulu, ezenza umsebenzi oncomekayo wokunceda ezo mbacu, siyabacela ukuba endleleni ehlayo, ngaxa lithile, kufuneka babelane ngeqonga. Kufuneka babelane ngeqonga kunye neembacu.  

Ngexesha lokuqala, banokuthetha nabo, banokuthetha egameni labo, kulungile, kodwa ngaxa lithile, kufuneka benze indawo kwaye banike ababaleki ngokwabo, uyazi, ithuba lokuziveza kwaye thina sinokumangaliswa kwaye sinokufumanisa ezininzi, ezininzi iitalente abanazo abo mbacu kodwa baluhlobo lokuzifihla, okanye abanalo ithuba lokuthetha malunga nokuba asibaniki iqonga, ukuba asikho. banike ithuba lokuthetha. 

Husam: Enkosi uNjingalwazi Alfred Babo ngokuba kwesi siqendu, nokwabelana ngebali lakho neSayensi yaMazwe ngaMazwe. 

Le podcast yinxalenye yeprojekthi yeembacu eziqhubekayo kunye neenzululwazi ezigxothiweyo ezibizwa ngokuba yiSayensi eLubhacweni. Iqhutywa yiSayensi yaMazwe ngaMazwe, inyathelo apho imibutho emithathu yenzululwazi yehlabathi isebenzisana phambili kumgaqo-nkqubo wenzululwazi. Ezi zezi, iBhunga lezeNzululwazi laMazwe ngaMazwe, iZiko lezeNzululwazi leHlabathi kunye neNtsebenziswano ye-InterAcademy.  

Ukufumana ulwazi oluthe kratya malunga neprojekthi yeSayensi eLubhacweni nceda uye ku: ibhunga.inzululwazi/inzululwazi 

Ulwazi, izimvo kunye neengcebiso ezinikezelwa ziindwendwe zethu azibonisi iinqobo ezisemgangathweni kunye neenkolelo zeSayensi yaMazwe ngaMazwe. 

EAlfred Babo

UAlfred Babo lilungu lefakhalthi kwiDyunivesithi yaseFairfield's International Studies Programme kunye neSociology and Anthropology Department eMelika. Ngaphambi kokujoyina iYunivesithi yaseFairfield, wafundisa kwiYunivesithi yaseBouaké eCôte d'Ivoire kwaye kamva kwiKholeji yaseSmith kunye neYunivesithi yaseMassachusetts-Amherst, eU.SA. Uphando lukaBabo lugxile ekutshintsheni kwentlalo, ukusetyenziswa kwabantwana kunye nophuhliso, ukufuduka kunye nokungqubuzana kwentlalo, kunye noluntu lwasemva kongquzulwano. Iimpapasho zakhe zamva nje zihlalutya ababaleki kunye nemigaqo-nkqubo yokuvuselela emva kongquzulwano kunye noxolelwaniso e-Afrika ngokwembono yokuthelekisa.

isikhanyeli

Ulwazi, izimvo kunye neengcebiso ezinikezelwa ziindwendwe zethu zezabantu abanikelayo, kwaye azibonisi iinqobo ezisemgangathweni kunye neenkolelo ze. Inzululwazi yamazwe ngamazwe, inyathelo elidibanisa abameli abakumgangatho ophezulu bemibutho emithathu yezenzululwazi yamazwe ngamazwe: iBhunga lezeNzululwazi laMazwe ngaMazwe (ISC,) i-InterAcademy Partnership (IAP), kunye ne-World Academy of Sciences (UNESCO-TWAS).

Ifoto yesihloko: UStephen Monroe on Unsplash.